Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson bioregulator family, marketed for cognition, circadian regulation, and reduced neuronal apoptosis in aging. Those claims rest on limited Russian preclinical work, and it stays a US gray-market research chemical. Educational only, not medical advice.
Not FDA-approved; research chemical / gray-market in the US.
Mechanism
A short synthetic peptide (commonly cited as the tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson bioregulator family, marketed as a brain/pineal-targeted agent. Proposed (unproven) effects include reducing neuronal apoptosis and supporting cognition and circadian regulation in aging, via putative tissue-specific gene-expression modulation.
Half-life
uncertain / limited human pharmacokinetic data; presumed rapid clearance for a tripeptide but no rigorous human PK exists.
Regulatory status
Not FDA-approved; research chemical / gray-market in the US. Not an FDA-approved drug; sold within Russia in the bioregulator/supplement context only.
Safety
Human safety data are minimal and largely Russian-sourced. Low-risk presumption from rapid peptide clearance is not equivalent to controlled safety data. Gray-market purity/identity unverified.
Evidence
Weak/limited evidence base: predominantly Russian preclinical (cell-culture and rodent) studies from a small number of groups, with little independent Western human data.
Sources
Arutjunyan A, Kozina L, Stvolinskiy S, Bulygina Y, Mashkina A, Khavinson V. Pinealon protects the rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2012;5(2):179-185. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22567179/
Kraskovskaya NA, Kukanova EO, Lin'kova NS, Popugaeva EA, Khavinson VK. Tripeptides restore the number of neuronal spines under conditions of in vitro modeled Alzheimer's disease. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2017;163(4):550-553. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28853087/
Khavinson VK, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI, Umnov RS, Elashkina EV, Durnova AO. Short peptides stimulate serotonin expression in cells of brain cortex. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2014;157(1):77-80. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24909721/
Mendzheritskii AM, Karantysh GV, Ryzhak GA, Dem'ianenko SV. Regulation of content of cytokines in blood serum and of caspase-3 activity in brains of old rats in model of sharp hypoxic hypoxia with Cortexin and Pinealon. Advances in Gerontology. 2014;27(1):94-97. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25051764/
Silanteva IA, Komolkin AV, Morozova EA, Vorontsov-Velyaminov PN, Kasyanenko NA. Role of mono- and divalent ions in peptide Glu-Asp-Arg-DNA interaction. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2019;123(9):1896-1902. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30762356/
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Trofimova S. EDR peptide: possible mechanism of gene expression and protein synthesis regulation involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Molecules. 2020;26(1):159. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33396470/
Khavinson V, Ilina A, Kraskovskaya N, et al. Neuroprotective effects of tripeptides-epigenetic regulators in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmaceuticals. 2021;14(6):515. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34071923/
Meshchaninov VN, Tkachenko EL, Zharkov SV, Gavrilov IV, Katyreva YE. Effect of synthetic peptides on aging of patients with chronic polymorbidity and organic brain syndrome of the central nervous system in remission. Advances in Gerontology. 2015;28(1):62-67. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26390612/
PepWise is an informational and educational tracking tool, not medical advice and not a medical device. Pinealon may be experimental, restricted, or prescription-only; many research peptides are not FDA-approved. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting, changing, or stopping any protocol. Operated by STC Consulting, Inc.
